Literature
- Fischer, W. (ed.) 1978. FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes Western Central Atlantic (Fishing Area 31), vol. 6:pag.var.
- Holthuis, L.B. 1974. The lobsters of the superfamily Nephropidea of the Atlantic Ocean (Crustacea: Decapoda). Biological results of the University of Miami deep-sea expeditions. 106. Bulletin marine Science University Miami, 24: 723-884, figs 1-35.
- Smith, S.I. 1881. Preliminary notice of the Crustacea dredged, in 64-325 fathoms, off the south coast of new England, by the United States Fish Commision in 1880. Proceedings United States National Museum, 3: 413-452.